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是故世間。聲香味觸。窮十二變。為一旋復。乘此輪轉。顛倒相故。是有世界。卵生。胎生。濕生。化生。有色無色。有想無想。若非有色。若非無色。若非有想。若非無想。
「是故世間」：所以這個世界上，「聲香味觸」：色聲香味觸法這六塵，「窮十二變」：變一次又一次，變了十二變，「為一旋復」：這是一週，十二變為一週。「乘此輪轉」：由六塵和十二類的眾生，互相來輪轉。「顛倒相故」：生出一種顛倒相。「是有世界」：所以這世界上就有「卵生、胎生、濕生、化生」這是四種。卵生要有四種因緣，卵生這種因緣最多，它要什麼四種因緣呢？要父緣、母緣和它自己的業緣，再加上一個煖緣，這要有四緣，才生出這個卵生。胎生有三緣，就是父緣、母緣，加上自己的業緣。濕生有二種緣，要有自己的業緣和濕的緣，才能生出來。化生是一緣，就是憑自己的業識，自己願意化生什麼就化生，自有化無，自無化有，這叫化生。「有色」：就是有形色。「無色」：是無形色的，沒有形相。「有想」：有思想的。「無想」：沒有思想的，思想都沒有了。「若非有色，若非無色」：不是有色的，也不是無色的。「若非有想，若非無想」：不是有想，也不是沒有想的。統起來這十二種眾生，就是十二類。因為我們時間的關係，不能詳細講，詳細講，每一類講都要很多時間，我們現在就簡單地講。
阿難！由因世界，虛妄輪迴，動顛倒故，和合氣成，八萬四千，飛沉亂想。如是故有，卵羯邏藍，流轉國土，魚鳥龜蛇，其類充塞。
「阿難！由因世界」：因為這個世界，「虛妄輪迴」：前面依真起妄，在無明上生出了三細六粗這種種的虛妄相，在輪迴裡面轉來轉去，「動顛倒故」：因為生一種業，這業就是屬於動，動就更生顛倒了。「和合氣成」：由這個顛倒的原因，這個虛妄和合有這種業，氣成也就是這種業就造成了。這種業造成了，就有「八萬四千」，「飛沉亂想」：飛，就是屬於鳥之類的；沉就屬於龜、蛇之類的；亂想，有種種的亂想，所以「如是故有」：因為這個，所以就有這個卵羯邏藍。羯邏藍是梵語，翻到中文叫凝滑，什麼叫凝滑呢？好像牛奶凝結在一起叫凝滑。這是男女這種精凝結到一起叫凝滑，這是卵生。卵四緣生，卵就由想，卵因想生，胎因情有，卵因想成，因為想就有這個卵。這個卵生前面已經講具有四緣，父緣、母緣、自己的業緣，還加上煖緣，這四種緣才能有卵生。這個卵羯邏藍，本來這個卵羯邏藍是什麼呢？就在那抱小雞子的時候，剛要變雞最初那一個禮拜，就叫卵羯邏藍。「流轉國土」：在這種情形之下，就是流轉國土。流是流通，轉是運轉，有往這邊流往那邊流，往這邊轉往那邊轉，互相流通流轉，互相通著的，互相都有連帶的關係，所以這流轉國土。「魚鳥龜蛇」：魚是在水裡的東西，鳥是飛的東西，還有龜蛇這一類的。這不單說這四種，這個就說所謂水裡的東西，這叫潛；天上飛的叫飛。我們這世界的眾生有飛潛動植，飛是天上飛的東西，潛是水裡的東西，動是一切動物，植就是植物。那麼現在這是單講飛的和水裡潛的，沒有講動，沒有講植。「其類充塞」：好像這一類的生靈，就充塞世界，充塞每一個國家。
由因世界，雜染輪迴，欲顛倒故，和合滋成，八萬四千，橫豎亂想。如是故有，胎遏蒲曇，流轉國土，人畜龍仙，其類充塞。
這一段文是講胎生，胎因情有，怎麼有了胎了呢？就因為有愛情，有愛情，情感衝動，男女交媾，然後就結成胎，這是人。那麼畜生和這個龍仙都是有這種情形。「由因世界，雜染輪迴」：雜染就是不清淨，夾雜而染汙輪迴。這個輪迴也可以說是六道輪迴，天、阿修羅、人、地獄、餓鬼、畜生，也可以說就是在這個人、畜，和這個龍仙裡面互相輪迴，這也是個輪迴。「欲顛倒故」：這種的愛欲心顛倒，不應該做的他去做，不合乎道理，這就叫顛倒，不合乎道理，那麼這也就顛倒。「和合滋成」：在這種情形之下，要互相和合而滋成。滋成也就是造成，也就是這個業它成就。「八萬四千」：有這個八萬四千種「橫豎亂想」：橫想、豎想這種亂想。「如是故有」：像這樣所以就有「胎遏蒲曇」：這個胎剛才已經講過，是因為情有的。它具足三緣就是父緣、母緣和自己的業緣，而沒有這個煖緣，不需要煖緣。遏蒲曇是在第二個禮拜叫遏蒲曇，這個胎第一個叫羯邏藍，第二個叫遏蒲曇。這個遏蒲曇就叫軟肉，這個肉是很軟的。「流轉國土」：在每一個國家都是這樣子流轉。「人畜龍仙」：這一切的仙類，「其類充塞」：這個也充滿每一國土，每一角落。
待續
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And so, in the world, sound, smells, tastes, contact, and the like, are each transformed throughout the twelve categories to make one complete cycle. The appearance of being upside down is based on this continuous process. Therefore, in the world there are those born from eggs, those born from wombs, those born from moisture, those born by transformation, those with form, those without form, those with thought, those without thought, those not totally endowed with form, those not totally lacking form, those not totally endowed with thought, and those not totally lacking thought.
And so, in this world, sounds, smells, tastes, contacts, and the like — that is, forms, sounds, smells, tastes, contacts, and dharmas —
are each transformed throughout the twelve categories to make one complete cycle. There is one change after another as they go through the twelve categories, until a complete revolution is made.
The appearance of being upside down is based on this continuous process. The mutual interaction of the six defiling objects and the twelve categories of living beings brings about the appearance of the upside-down state.
Therefore, in the world there are those born from eggs, those born from wombs, those born from moisture, those born by transformation. These are four categories of birth. There are four conditions necessary for birth from an egg to occur: 1. the condition of a father; 2. the condition of a mother; 3. the condition of individual karma; 4. the condition of warmth. Birth from a womb requires three conditions: 1. the condition of a father; 2. the condition of a mother; 3. the condition of individual karma. Birth from moisture requires two conditions: 1. the condition of individual karma; 2. the condition of moisture. Birth by transformation needs only one condition — the condition of individual karma. Based on one's own karmic consciousness, one transforms as one wishes. One can appear and disappear at will. The next four categories of living beings are
those with form, those without form, those with thought, and those without thought. Also, those not totally endowed with form — it's not that they have form, and yet it's not that they lack form,
those not totally lacking form, those not totally endowed with thought, and those not totally lacking thought. — it's not that they have thought, and yet it's not that they lack thought. These are the twelve categories of living beings. Because time is limited, each category cannot be described in great detail. A simple explanation will have to suffice.
Ananda, through a continuous process of falseness, the upside-down state of movement occurs in this world. It unites with energy to become eighty-four thousand kinds of random thoughts that either fly or sink. From this there come into being the egg kalalas which multiply throughout the lands in the form of fish, birds, amphibians, and reptiles, so that their kinds abound.
Ananda, through a continuous process of falseness, the upside-down state of movement occurs in this world. We have learned that falseness arises out of truth, and that out of ignorance arise the Three Subtle and Six Coarse Appearances, which in turn become numerous empty false appearances. Within the turning cycle of rebirth this process goes on continuously. The arising of karma belongs to movement, so movement is a further creation of the upside-down state.
It unites with energy to become eighty-four thousand kinds of random thoughts that either fly or sink. "Energy" refers to the karma that is created. "Thoughts that fly" refers to the category of birds and the like.
"Thoughts that sink" refers to the category of reptiles and amphibians.
From this—because of all these scattered thoughts —
there come into being the egg kalalas. "Kalala" is a Sanskrit word that means "slippery coagulation"; it refers to the foetus resulting from the union of the male semen and female blood in its first week of development. Birth from an egg is a result of thought and the four conditions listed above. These kalalas
multiply throughout the lands in the form of fish, birds, turtles and snakes. They multiply and spread everywhere, in all directions. Yet they are all mutually related. Fish swim in the water, birds fly in the air, and there are also turtles and snakes. But it is not only these four kinds of creatures that are meant. The living beings in our world can be classified into four kinds: those that swim in water, those that fly in the air, animals in general, and plants. Now we are only talking about beings that swim and fly. These kinds of beings multiply until their kinds abound. They abound in all the lands of the world.
Through a continuous process of defilement, the upside-down state of desire occurs in this world. It unites with stimulation to become eighty-four thousand kinds of random thoughts that are either upright or perverse. From this there come into being the womb arbudas, which multiply throughout the world in the form of humans, animals, dragons, and immortals until their kinds abound.
This passage discusses womb-born beings. Womb-born beings exist because of emotion. When emotional love reaches its peak and intercourse results, the womb-born being is conceived. Human beings, animals, dragons, and immortals are born in this way.
Through a continuous process of defilement, the upside-down state of desire occurs in this world. "Defilement" refers to what is unclean, disorderly, and confused. The "continuous process" can refer to rebirth in the six paths of gods, asuras, humans, hell-beings, hungry ghosts, and animals. It can also refer to rebirth among humans, animals, dragons, and immortals. Thoughts of love and desire are upside down. To be upside down is to do what one should not do, to do what is unreasonable. The desire
unites with stimulation to become eighty-four thousand kinds of random thoughts that are either upright or perverse. "Stimulation" refers to the creation of karma — to the acting out of the desire.
From this there come into being the womb arbudas, which multiply throughout the world in the form of humans, animals, dragons, and immortals until their kinds abound. Birth from a womb — that of mammals — is a result of emotion and the three conditions of father, mother, and individual karma. Warmth, a condition necessary for egg-born beings, is not necessary for birth from a womb. In its first week of development, the foetus is called a kalala. "Arbuda" is a Sanskrit word which means "globule" and refers to the foetus in its second week of development, which is very soft. These kinds of beings — humans, animals, dragons, and immortals — spread throughout every land.
To be continued
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