萬佛城金剛菩提海 Vajra Bodhi Sea

金剛菩提海:首頁主目錄本期目錄

Vajra Bodhi Sea: HomeMain IndexIssue Index

正法印

PROPER DHARMA SEAL

大佛頂首楞嚴經淺釋
The Shurangama Sutra With Commentary

卷八
Roll 8

宣化上人講 Commentary by the Venerable Master Hua
國際譯經學院記錄 Translated by the International Translation Institute
修訂版 Revised version

逢欲暫交。去無思憶。於人間世。動少靜多。命終之後。破虛空中朗然安住。日月光明上照不及。是諸人等自有光明。如是一類。名須燄摩天。

「逢欲暫交」,這是六欲天的第三天,又叫焰摩天。有一種人在這個世界上對於夫婦恩愛的情愛,暫時雖然有這個性行為,但是「去無思憶」。過去了,他也不想這個性行為這些個問題。不想的,過去就忘了。

「於人間世,動少靜多」,在人間世他動的時候少,清靜的時候多,也就是修禪定的時候兒多一點。「命終之後,於虛空中,朗然安住」,就住在虛空裡。「日月光明上照不及」,日月本來有光的,但是它照不到這個地方。「是諸人等,自有光明」,這少欲知足這一等人到這個地方,他身上自己有光明;那個地方不是有日月的光明,而是自身有一種光明。這種光明是永遠都有的,所以他那個地方,沒有晝夜的。

這個焰摩天又叫須燄摩天,就是白天晚間都是光的。那麼他以什麼為晝夜呢?以蓮花開的時候就是晝;蓮花合上了這就是夜:以蓮花開合做為他的晝夜。沒有白天,沒有晚間,都是光明的,每一個人身都有光明的。

「如是一類,名須燄摩天」,像這一類的人,叫須燄摩天。這兒所住的人身長二百二十五尺,壽命兩千歲,比忉利天又加上一倍。所以天高一層,壽命就長一點;低一層,壽命就短一點。

一切時靜。有應觸來。未能違戾。命終之後。上升精微。不接下界。諸人天境。乃至劫壞三災不及。如是一類。名兜率陀天。

這個字,一般人讀「帥」音,應該讀「律」音,兜率(「律」音)陀天。「一切時靜」,這個天有外院,有內院。外院是一般凡夫所住的地方;內院是聖人所住的地方。現在彌勒菩薩是在這個兜率內院講《唯識心定》。

「一切時靜」,所有一切時、一切處,都不動的,很寂靜的。「有應觸來,未能違戾」,就是有性行為這個時候來,沒能一定是不做這個事情,但是他可不願意做這個性行為。遇到這個事情,他也偶而做,不過做得非常之少的。

「命終之後,上升精微」,這一等少欲知足的人,他的靈性就能升到上邊精微之處。「不接下界,諸人天境」,和下界不相接著了;和人,和天上都不相接著了。「乃至幼壞,三災不及」,劫壞,就是連劫都沒有了,這三災也到不了那個地方。三災是什麼呢?就是水、火、風:火燒初禪;水淹二禪;風颳三禪,所以這個兜率陀天,這三災也到不了那個地方。

「如是一類,名兜率陀天」,像這個樣子的一類的眾生,生在這個地方的就叫兜率天。兜率天是梵語,翻譯成中文就叫知足天。少欲知足,那個地方什麼事情他一點貪心都沒有;也沒有男女淫欲心,根本就沒有:少欲。

所以你若想作天人你就少欲知足,將來就會生到天上去;你若情欲太重,一天到晚盡想男女的性行為,時時刻刻,甚至於一分一秒也放不下這個事情,那很危險的,很危險很危險的。人最危險的就是這一件事,這是墮落的一個源頭。你若不怕墮落,就想多一點;要怕墮落,趕快就停止這種的情欲心。不停止?不停止,將來到什麼地方去,那就誰也不知道了。

前面那個燄摩天叫善時分,燄摩天,須燄摩也是這個梵語,翻譯成中文就叫善時分,是說那個地方的時候非常好。為什麼呢?它也沒晝,也沒有夜,總是光的,這叫善時分。這個兜率天,這就叫知足天--少欲知足。

我無欲心。應汝行事。於橫陳時。味如嚼蠟。命終之後。生越化地。如是一類。名樂變化天。

「我無欲心」,我沒有淫欲的心。「應汝行事」,你一定要做這個事情。這講男女夫婦間,一個就有淫欲心,一個就沒有,有的這個就追求沒有淫欲心這個人,這個人也或者是張三,也或者是李四。「應汝行事」,行什麼事?就行這個房事,男女這個性行為。

「於橫陳時」,怎麼叫橫陳呢?就男女在床上行房事這個事情,不要太細講;這個不講誰都會明白的。「味如嚼蠟」,你們嚼過蠟沒有?那個黃蠟放到口裡,嚼來嚼去什麼味道也沒有。味如嚼蠟就是沒有滋味。

「命終之後」,這一種的人也是沒有淫欲心。你們聽過這種道理之後,自己切記要把自己管一管,不要再放逸了,不要再拼命去往那個死路上跑;豁出命來,不要了,也要往那個死路上去跑。「生越化地」,命終之後他就生到超越一切變化的地了,生到那個地方。

「如是一類」,像這一類的,叫什麼呢?「名樂變化天」,這個叫化樂天。怎麼叫化樂天呢?因為他這個地方所有的一切一切,都是變化出來的,非常之快樂,樂不可言。不過這種樂不是說男女性行為那種樂,這是天然的一種快樂;人人到那個地方都非常快樂的。不過這個地方也不是一個究竟處,這都是在六欲天之內的。

這個化樂天天上的天人,他高度有三百七十五丈高,壽命就是八千歲。人間八百年是這個化樂天的一晝夜。

待續

Sutra:
Those who become temporarily involved when they meet with desire but who do not dwell upon it when it is finished, and who, while in the human realm, are less active and more quiet, will, when their lives come to an end, abide in emptiness, emanating a lucid light. Beyond reach of the sun and moon's illumination, these beings will have their own light and will be born in the Suyama Heaven.

Commentary:
This is the third heaven of the Six Desire Heavens, the Suyama Heaven. There are some people in this world who, when it comes to the fond regard and emotional love that exists between married couples, become temporarily involved when they meet with desire. Although they may indulge in marital relations, they do not dwell upon it when it is finished. When it is over they do not think about the sexual involvement.

While in the human realm, they are less active and more quiet. That means they spend more time cultivating chan samadhi. When their lives come to an end, they abide in emptiness, emanating a lucid light. They dwell in space beyond the reach of the sun and moon's illumination. The sun radiates light and the moon reflects light, but that light does not reach this place. When these beings, who have few desires and know contentment, come to this place, they will have their own light. Their physical bodies emit light. At that place, the light does not come from the sun and moon; it is a natural part of these beings' own bodies. In that place there is no day and night; the Suyama Heaven is filled with light all the time. How do they distinguish day and night? They rely on the lotus blossoms. When the lotuses open, it is daytime; when the lotuses close, it is nighttime. No darkness exists there. Day and night are bathed in light. Each being's body emits light.

People like that will be born in the Suyama Heaven. That is the name of the place where they abide. The average height of beings born there is two hundred twenty-five feet. The average lifespan is two thousand years, twice as long as that of beings in the Trayastrimsha Heaven. As the heavens get higher, the lifespans get longer. Those in the lower heavens have shorter lifespans.

Sutra:
Those who are quiet all the time, but who are not yet able to resist when stimulated by contact, ascend at the end of their lives to a subtle and ethereal place; they will not be drawn into the lower realms. The destruction of the realms of humans and gods and the three disasters at the end of a kalpa will not reach them, for they are born in the Tushita Heaven.

Commentary:
This heaven has an inner and an outer court. The average gods live in the outer court; sages dwell in the inner court. Currently, Maitreya Bodhisattva is in the inner court of the Tushita Heaven explaining the Samadhi of Mind-consciousness Only.

Those who are quiet all the time. People who remain unmoving at all times and in all places, but who are not yet able to resist when stimulated by contact. When a sexual situation arises, they may not refrain from responding even though they would rather not. On very rare occasions, they have marital relations.

At the end of their lives, these people with few desires who know contentment will ascend to a subtle and ethereal place. Their souls will ascend to rarified regions. They will not be drawn into the lower realms. The destruction of the realms of humans and gods and the three disasters at the end of the kalpa will not reach them. The three disasters are water, fire, and wind. Fire burns through the first dhyana. Water inundates the second dhyana. Wind rips through the third dhyana. But the three disasters do not reach the Tushita Heaven. Beings such as these will be born in the Tushita Heaven. Tushita is a Sanskrit word which translates as "Contentment." Beings there have few desires and are satisfied. They are not the least bit greedy. They don't have thoughts of sexual desire. They have few desires and know contentment.

If you want to be born as a god in the future, then you should have few desires and be content now. If you have heavy emotions and are always engaging in sexual fantasies so that you are unable to be without that kind of thing even for a moment, then you are in grave danger. Just that, in fact, is the most dangerous indulgence; it marks the beginning of a fall. If you don't fear falling, then you can indulge in such fantasies even more. If you fear falling, then you should swiftly put a halt to your emotions. If you don't put a halt to them, then there's no way to know for sure where you will end up.

The previous Suyama Heaven is known for its "nice time divisions," because day and night are full of light. This heaven, the Tushita, is known for its "few desires and contentment."

Sutra:
Those who are devoid of desire, but who will engage in it for the sake of their partner, even though to them the experience is as flavorless as chewing wax, are born at the end of their lives in a transcendental place of transformations. They are born in the Heaven of Bliss by Transformation.

Commentary:
Those who are devoid of desire.
I don't have thoughts of sexual desire, but will engage in it for the sake of my partner. "If you insist; if you pursue the matter, then I'll comply." This refers to marital relations. One partner who has sexual desire pursues the other one who doesn't. This could be any Tom, Dick, or Harry. To them the experience is as flavorless as chewing wax. The experience need not be described in detail here; everyone should get the idea. Have you ever chewed wax? You may keep chewing and chewing, but it remains to­tally flavorless. That's the analogy used to describe this experience— flavorless. People like this are devoid of sexual desire.

After hearing the explanation of this principle, each of you should definitely get control of yourself. Don't be self-indulgent any more. Don't keep racing down the road to death. With total disregard for your very life, you speed headlong toward death. These people are born at the end of their lives in a transcendental place of transformations.

After their lives end, such people go beyond everything into a realm of transformations. They are born in the Heaven of Bliss by Transformation. What does bliss by transformation mean? At the place where they are, everything comes about by transformation. It is an extremely blissful place, unspeakably blissful. However this is not the bliss experienced in sexual relations. It is a natural bliss that everyone who goes there experiences. Nonetheless, that place is not an ultimate one; it is merely one of the Six Desire Heavens.

The average height of the gods in this heaven is three hundred seventy-five feet. Eight hundred years in the human realm is equivalent to a day and a night in this heaven. The average lifespan of beings there is eight thousand years.

To be continued

▲Top

法界佛教總會Dharma Realm Buddhist Association │ © Vajra Bodhi Sea