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《上人法雨》

 

VENERABLE MASTER'S DHARMA RAIN

藥師琉璃光如來本願功德經淺釋
Sutra of the Merit and Virtue of the Past Vows of
Medicine Master Vaidurya Light Tathagata with Commentary

*宣化上人講 Commentary by the Venerable Master Hua
*國際譯經學院記錄 Translated by the International Translation Institute

第十一大願。願我來世得菩提時。若諸有情。饑渴所阻。為求食故。造諸惡業。得聞我名。專念受持。我當先以上妙飲食。飽足其身。後以法味。畢竟安樂。而建立之。

藥師琉璃光如來在因地,還沒有開悟,沒有證果,而他發大菩提心,發大願力。這願力有十二條大願,現在文當第十一條。這「第十一大願」,他說「願我來世」:等到我來世,「得菩提時」:就是成佛的時候。「若諸有情」:假設這個世間上所有一切的眾生,一切的有情;有血有氣的眾生,都叫有情。那麼這一切眾生「饑渴所腦」:他們或者沒有飯吃,或者沒有水喝,或者有飯他們也不能吃,或者有水他們也不能喝。「為求食故」:他為著想滿足他的食欲,想要找飯吃,想要找水喝,所以為求食故。「造諸惡業」:因為他自己餓得沒有東西吃,沒有水喝,他就發狂了。於是乎,就不擇手段去——或者搶、或者偷、或者殺人,奪取人的財物,飽足自己的饑渴,所以造諸惡業;就不擇手段造出種種的惡業。那怎麼辦呢?

「得聞我名」:他如果能聽到我這個成佛的名號,「專念受持」:他專心致志的、專一其心而誦唸我的名號,受之於身,行之於心,持之於心,受持我這個名號。「我當先以上妙飲食」:我在這時候,就化出來種種的上妙飲食,最好吃的這個東西,「飽足其身」:令他的身體得到飽暖,沒有痛苦了。「後以法味」:然後我再給他講說佛法,給他吃這無上佛法的妙味。「畢竟安樂」:畢竟他得到安樂了,「而建立之」:而成就這種的功德,滿足他所求的飲食。

第十二大願。願我來世得菩提時。若諸有情。貧無衣服。蚊虻寒熱。晝夜逼惱。得聞我名。專念受持。如其所好。即得種種上妙衣服。亦得一切寶莊嚴具。華髮塗香。鼓樂眾伎。隨心所翫。皆令滿足。

藥師琉璃光如來一定也經過這種貧窮困苦,所以他就發願,願意解除一切眾生的貧窮困苦。所以他在「第十二大願」就說,「願我來世」:我發願等到我來生,「得菩提時」:我成佛的那時候,「若諸有情」:所有世間一切有情,不論是哪一個國家的、哪一種民族,都包括在內。「貧無衣服」:貧窮沒有衣服穿,當然也就沒有飯吃了。前邊那是沒有飯吃,還沒到沒有衣服穿的時候,現在連衣服穿也沒有了;既沒有飯吃,又沒有衣服穿,所以貧無衣服。「蚊虻寒熱」:有蚊蟲,又有這種其他咬人的蟲蟻之類。寒熱,天冷的時候,沒有衣服禦寒;天熱的時候,沒有衣服來遮暑。「晝夜逼惱」:白天晚間都是這樣地煎逼苦惱,不能解決這個沒有衣服穿的問題。

「得聞我名」:那麼他若能聽見我這個佛的名號的話。「專念受持」:主要是在這一句,要「專念受持」;不是光聽聞藥師琉璃光如來的名號,你也不受持、不專念。專就是專一其心,念就是念念不忘,受是受之於心,持是持之於身;也就是念茲在茲的,朝於斯、夕於斯,常常專一其心來用功,持藥師琉璃光如來的名號。「如其所好」:那麼如其所好,就是遂心滿願,遂心如意了,你想什麼就得到什麼。「即得種種」:就得到種種的,「上妙衣服」:最好的衣服。「亦得一切」:不單得到上妙衣服,也得到一切「寶莊嚴具」:用七寶所造成的這種種的玩具。你所歡喜的都得到了。那麼這種東西是什麼呢?就譬如「華鬘塗香」:華鬘,就是用花做的一個環——花環,是用來莊嚴的。這種花環是用七寶所造成的——金、銀、琉璃、玻璃、硨磲、赤珠、瑪瑙來莊嚴的。塗香,就是最名貴的一種香,以它來供養佛。「鼓樂」:或者種種的音樂。「眾伎」:種種的技能。「隨心所翫」:心裏所歡喜要玩的這種陳列品,或者一切的玩具。「皆令滿足」:求什麼得到什麼,遂心滿願,不會求不到的。

待續

藥,就是一種藥品;師,就是個醫生,言其這一位佛就是一位大醫生,可以治世人一切的病痛。

Sutra:
The eleventh great vow: "I vow that in a future life when I attain Bodhi, I shall cause all sentient beings who are so plagued by hunger and thirst that they create all kinds of bad karma in their quest for food, upon hearing my name and single-mindedly accepting and maintaining it, to be filled with delicious food and drink and afterward, by means of the flavor of Dharma, to settle in ulti­mate peace and happiness."

Commentary:
The eleventh great vow: "I vow that in a future life when I attain Bodhi, I shall cause all sentient beings who are so plagued by hunger and thirst—either because they have no food or drink at all or because they are unable to eat and drink what they have—that they create all kinds of bad karma in their quest for food." Their hunger may drive them to plunder and kill in order to obtain food and drink. Medicine Master Buddha vowed, "Upon hearing my name and single-mindedly accepting and main­taining it... If they retain my name in their minds, I will cause them to be filled with delicious food and drink. I will make appear all kinds of delicious food so that they may eat their fill; and afterward, by means of the flavor of Dharma, I will cause them to settle in ultimate peace and happiness. Then I will explain the Dharma to them, so that they may taste its supreme, wonderful flavor and attain perfect peace and bliss."

Sutra:
The twelfth great vow: "I vow that in a future life when I attain Bodhi, if there are sentient beings who are poor and without clothes so that day and night they are troubled by mosquitoes and flies, and by cold and heat, upon hearing my name and single-mindedly accepting and maintaining it, they shall obtain all kinds of fine and wonderful garments that accord with their tastes, as well as a variety of precious adornments, flower garlands, fragrant balms, and the enjoyments of music and various kinds of talents, so that all their hearts' delights will be fulfilled."

Commentary:
Medicine Master Buddha must have known poverty and hardship in the past, and so he made vows to save all living beings, from such suffering. In the twelfth great vow, he says, "I vow that in a future life when I attain Bodhi, if there are sentient beings of any nationality or ethnic background, who are poor and without clothes... The previous vow was to save beings without food, but this vow talks about beings who have neither food nor clothes, so that day and night they are troubled by mosquitoes and flies, stinging and biting insects, and by cold and heat. Without clothes, they suffer day and night from the cold and the heat. Upon hearing my name, the name I will have as a Buddha, and single-mindedly accepting and maintaining it. That's the main thing—you have to single-mindedly recite the name. Bringing the mind to one, you recite Medicine Master Buddha's name in thought after thought, all day long. They shall obtain all kinds of fine and wonderful garments that accord with their tastes. They obtain the most wonderful clothing, exactly the kind they like, as well as a variety of precious adornments, playthings made of the seven treasures—gold, silver, lapis lazuli, crystal, mother of pearl, red pearls, and agate. They obtain whatever catches their fancy, for example, flower garlands made of the seven treasures, expensive fragrant balms to give as offerings to the Buddhas, and the enjoyments of music and various kinds of talents, so that all their hearts' delights will be fulfilled. They obtain all these playthings for their amusement.

To be continued

"Medicine" refers to healing decoctions;"Master" refers to a doctor.Thus the name of this Buddha indicates that he is a great physician who can cure the illnesses of people in this world.

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