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《佛學概要》

 

INTRODUCTION TO BUDDHISM

隨喜功德
TO REJOICE AND FOLLOW IN MERIT AND VIRTUE

【普賢菩薩十大願王第五條 】

Universal Worthy Bodhisattva's Fifth Great Vow

■  濟弘     文     by Ji Hong

《占察善惡業報經》說:「 末法時眾生業重,都只為自己 和自己的眷屬著想,鈍根少信 ,多生疑惑。」的確,大多數 的人皆是如此,莫說是自己頭 目腦髓的施捨,就是人家施捨 時,我們又能真心讚嘆隨喜嗎 ?真的是難!難!難!

法顯和尚(約公元三三七至四二二 年),東晉僧人俗姓龔,平陽郡武陽 (山西襄丘)人,三歲時父母送到寺 院出家。二十歲受大戒。東晉隆安三年(公元三九九年)六十五歲,偕同學慧景 、道整、惠生、慧應四人,自長安出發,經 河西走廊,出玉門關,越蔥嶺入北印度境內 ,南向渡新頭河,經烏萇國到弗樓沙(白沙 瓦)。此時惠生凍死,其餘返國。法顯在多 摩梨帝國(加爾各達)繼續學習,抄寫和畫 像。義熙五年又渡泊到師子國(今斯里蘭卡 )。兩年中求得《沙彌塞律》和《雜藏經》 等梵本。法顯法師在師子國修學二年,大多 時間住無位山寺。一個虔誠佛教徒法顯,自 然要去朝拜釋迦佛的印跡。當時他長途跋涉 ,來到寶石城附近時,曾在一個山洞裡停留 休息,這一帶的人民為了紀念外國來的高僧 ,便把這山稱為「法顯山」,山洞稱為「法 顯洞」。山腳下村莊稱為「法顯村」,村中 的廟,稱為「法顯廟」。法顯這個名字到現 在,斯里蘭卡仍然家喻戶曉,人人皆知。

然而,隨喜功德從一粒微塵 之善行,及至十方佛剎所有之 功德,無所分別、無所執著, 我們要能讚嘆隨喜。修行是點 點滴滴的,如果一切凡聖的善行,我都能 以平等的心而隨喜;看到別人點燃火炬, 自己也同為光明;遇到他人焚香供養,自 己也蒙薰香氣;隨分隨力,何必較計籌量 ?如是漸次,則能同體善根,如是漸增, 則不難明白:同體大悲,十方法界都是在 我現前一念心中,同一體性,本無彼此。 所以《大乘止觀》亦云:「行者當知諸佛 菩薩,二乘聖人凡夫人天等,所作功德, 皆是己之功德,是故應當隨喜。」

上人不也曾說:「一百萬不算多,一個 Penny(一分錢)也不嫌少。」一切皆是 「心」的作用。達摩祖師說:「我本求心 不求佛,了知三界空無物;若欲求佛但求心,只這心心心是佛。」至此心、佛、眾 生三無差別;一塵與十方三世一切佛剎極 微塵如來,又有什麼兩樣呢?

我曾經認識一位老太太,她七十歲左右 ,雖然一把年紀,不懂英文,不認識幾個 人,也不會開車,但是她都毫不氣餒,常 常為佛事做種種義工。如此好幾年,別人 不論做什麼好事,不管捐多少錢,她都歡 喜得好像是自己做一樣。從她身上那份亳 無虛假的真誠,讓我真正感受到隨喜功德 的喜悅。我也自問:「我可以做到嗎?好 像不難吧!」仔細再觀照:「原來我還會 嫉妒、自私,還有種種計較、分別。」所 以,我常常會想起老太太那隨喜承事所散 發出法喜的面容,來提醒自己,來鼓勵自 己。

普賢菩薩的境界雖然不可思議,我也可 以一步一步的去做、去學習。任何事本來 就不是一蹴可及的,一念隨喜,念念隨喜 ,積沙成塔,久了,假的也會變成真。上 人不也是這麼說的嗎?

諸佛菩薩的善巧方便是不可思議的,隨 喜功德不僅能消除我們心中嫉妒,慳吝的 障礙,更重要的能破除我們心中的執著與 分別。如此信心逐漸的增長,在修行的路 上,雖難行,雖難忍,雖難捨,也能一點 一滴的在菩提道上永不灰心,永不懈怠。

→待續

The Sutra of Examining and Divining Good and Evil Karmic Retribution says, "In the Dharma Ending Age, living beings' karma is heavy. Most think of only themselves and their immediate families. Their roots are dull, their faith is shallow, and they often give rise to doubts." Truly, most people are like that. Let's not talk about the giving of our own head, eyes, brain, and marrow; when we see others practicing giving, can we praise and follow along joyously with a true heart? It is really hard, hard, hard!

Whether a good deed is as tiny as a single mote of dust or as great as all Buddhalands of the ten directions and three periods of time, we should be able to praise and rejoice in it without attachment or discrimination. Cultivation is done bit by bit, drop by drop. We should rejoice with an equal mind in the good deeds of Sages as well as ordinary people. When people light up a torch, we also share the light. When others light incense as an offering, we are also perfumed by the fragrance. We should just do our best! What need is there to compare, calculate, and scheme? With this attitude, our good roots will gradually become identical to those of the Buddhas. As we slowly progress, we will understand the great compassion of identity in substance and know that the Dharma Realm of the ten directions are not beyond the present thought. All are of one substance; there is no discrimination of self and others. Thus, The Shastra of Great Vehicle Stopping and Contemplating says, "Cultivators should understand that the merit and virtue created by all the Buddhas and Bodhisattvas, the Two Vehicle Sages, heavenly beings, ordinary people, and so on, are just our own. Therefore, we should rejoice and follow along."

Hasn't the Venerable Master said, "One million is not too much, while one penny is not too little"? Everything is part of the functioning of the mind. Patriarch Bodhidharma said, "Originally, I sought the mind and not Buddhahood. I understand that within the three realms there is nothing. If one wants to seek Buddhahood, he might as well seek his own mind. Only this mind is the Buddha." At this point, there is no discrimination between the mind, the Buddha, and living beings. What's the difference between one mote of dust and the Buddhalands of the ten directions and three periods of time?

I used to know an old lady who was about seventy years old. She was quite advanced in age, knew few people, and did not understand English or know how to drive. However, she never felt frustrated and often volunteered to do the Buddha's work. For many years, no matter what good deeds others did or how much money they donated, she would always rejoice in their deeds as if she had done them herself. Her true sincerity made me realize the joy that comes from rejoicing and following in merit and virtue. I have also asked myself, "Could I do that? That shouldn't be too difficult!" It was only after careful contemplation that I discovered that I can still be jealous and selfish, that I still engage in all kinds of plotting and discriminating. Therefore, to remind myself and give myself encouragement, I often think of that old lady's face filled with the Dharma-joy of rejoicing in others' deeds.

Although Universal Worthy Bodhisattva's state is inconceivable, I can learn and practice step by step. Nothing succeeds in the first attempt. From rejoicing and following in one thought to rejoicing and following in every thought, a little accumulates into a lot; and after a long time, even the false will become real. Hasn't the Venerable Master also said so?

The skillful expedients of the Buddhas and Bodhisattvas are inconceivable. To rejoice and follow in merit and virtue not only dispels the jealousy, obstruction, stinginess, and bad habits in our minds, more importantly, it can also wipe out our attachments and discriminations.

Thus our faith gradually grows and increases. On the path of cultivation, although it is hard to do, hard to bear, and hard to give, we can still advance bit by bit on the Bodhi Way without ever becoming discouraged or slacking off.

→To be continued

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