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弟子规浅释
Standards for Students

孙果秀注释 Explained by Jennifer Lin

目录

第六章:泛爱众

Chapter Six: ON CHERISHING ALL LIVING BEINGS

凡是人,皆须爱,天同覆,地同载。
行高者,名自高,人所重,非貌高。
才大者,望自大,人所服,非言大。
己有能,勿自私,人有能,勿轻訾。
勿谄富,勿骄贫,勿厌故,勿喜新。
人不闲,勿事搅,人不安,勿话扰。
人有短,切莫揭,人有私,切莫说。
道人善,即是善,人知之,愈思勉。
扬人短,即是恶,疾之甚,祸且作。
善相劝,德皆建,过不规,道两亏。
凡取与,贵分晓,与宜多,取宜少。
将加人,先问己,己不欲,即速已。
恩欲报,怨欲忘,报怨短,报恩长。
待婢仆,身贵端,虽贵端,慈而宽。
势服人,心不然,理服人,方无言。

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fan

shi

ren

 

jie

xu

ai

无论

 

什么样的人

 

必须

爱护

whoever

is

what kind of people

 

all

must

to cherish

无论是什么样的人,我们都要关怀爱护。
For everyone throughout the world, one should cherish a kind regard.

tian

tong

fu

di

tong

zai

天空

相同

覆盖

土地

相同

承运

sky

equally

to cover

 

earth

equally

to carry

因为我们都生活在同一片天空下,也立足于同一个地球上。
Because we all live under the same sky and are supported by the same earth.

对于“爱”的定义,在《圣经》的哥林多前书上,有一段动人的描述:“爱是恒久忍耐,又是恩慈。爱是不嫉妒,爱是不自夸,不张狂,不做害羞的事,不计算人的恶;不喜欢不义,只喜欢真理。凡事包容,凡事相信,凡事盼望,凡事忍耐;爱是永不止息。”

 

Regarding the definition of love, there is a very moving description in the Corinthians section of the Bible," Love is patient, love is kind, It dose not envy, it dose not boast, it is not proud, It is not rude, it is not self-seeking, it is not easily angered, it keeps no record of wrongs, Love dose not delight in evil but rejoices with the truth. It always protects, always trusts, always hopes, and always perseveres. Love never fails."

耶稣倡导“博爱”,四处教化人,最后为了代世人受苦,甘愿被自已的同胞钉死在十字架上;中国的孔子一生追求“仁”的理想,为了寻求可以实施仁政的国君而周游列国,至死不渝。这都是在教导我们爱人!

 

Jesus preached universal love. After teaching people across the land, he willingly allowed his fellow men to crucify him, so that he could suffer on behalf of the world’s people. Confucius pursued the ideal of benevolence all his life, in his search for a king who would be able to govern with benevolence; he wandered through various countries until his death. These examples teach us that we should love people. 

 

世间上的人,不论种族、国籍、肤色,不论男、女、老、少,不论贫、富、贵、贱,都和我们顶着同样一片天,踏着同样一块地,呼吸着同样的空气,这便是百千劫积来的缘分;可是我们却为了一己的私利与执着,动辄起争斗之心,不但自己和自己争,也和他人争,甚至家与家争,公司与公司争,国与国争,宗教与宗教争,各种各类的战争无时或已,把原本美丽的世界变得伤痕累累,丑陋不堪。这是谁的错啊?这是谁的罪呢?

 

People in this world, regardless of their ethnic background, nationality, skin color, gender, age, economic and social status, all live under the same sky, walk upon the same earth, and breathe the same air. This is due to affinities we have created over hundreds and thousands of eons. Yet, because of our desire for personal gain and our attachments, we very easily get into a belligerent frame of mind. We fight not only with ourselves, but with others. This leads to family feuds, competition among companies, wars among nations, and bickering among religions. There are struggles and battles going on all the time, turning what was once a beautiful world into a scarred and hideous world. Who is to blame? Whose fault is it?

曾几何时,人心日趋狭隘,识见日趋浅薄,因而斗争也日趋坚固,最终受害的还是人类自己!所以各种宗教卫道人士都大声疾呼,四处奔走,希望唤醒世人的爱心,用爱心来挽救我们所生存的世界。

 

Since some unknown time, people's minds have become more and more narrow and their views more and shallower with each passing day. As a result, aggression and fighting have become more and more prevalent. In the end, it is we ourselves who get hurt! Therefore, people of all religions, those who care about the spiritual path, have been traveling around and speaking out forcefully, hoping to awaken the love in people's hearts, using love to save the world we live in.

但是一般宗教或哲学所谈论的仁爱思想,都还止于“人本主义”,只有佛教,更把爱的触角深入一切飞潜动植的众生;所有胎、卵、湿、化,种种不同色身,不同心性,不同知见的有生命体,都包括在内。为什么呢?因为这种种的众生,在未开悟成佛之前,都在“迷”中,不知自己与其他众生在累世轮回中,互为同类,互为眷属;今生一旦异形异类相见,就互相伤害,因此怨戾之气弥漫在我们所生存的空气间,众生呼吸之后心性就更加暴戾乖张。

 

However, the benevolent love that most religions and philosophies speak of is directed at human beings. Buddhism alone extends the. Bounds of love to encompass all living beings, whether they fly, swim, crawl, or remain still; whether they are born from wombs, eggs, moisture, or transformation; creatures endowed with various physical appearances, temperaments, and outlooks. Why? Because all these living beings, before becoming enlightened and achieving Buddhahood, are deluded and do not realize that they have been of the same species and the same families as other beings, in the endless cycle of transmigration. If they happen to have different forms and belong to different species in this life, they mutually want to hurt one another. Thus the atmosphere is suffused with hatred and enmity. When living beings breathe in that air, their dispositions grow more violent and perverse. 

 

如是恶性循环,大大小小战争也就无了时了,所以佛示现世间,就为了开导迷顽,指示迷津,欲我们省悟,觉今是而昨非,终至入道成佛。所谓佛,就是智慧,就是觉道;成佛,就是返迷归觉,也就是了悟觉道,证得大智慧的境界。因此,是凡众生,早晚都要成佛的,不管你这辈子作不作人,信不信佛。

 

In this vicious cycle, great and small wars break out endlessly. The Buddha appeared in the world in order to teach and guide the deluded masses, hoping to wake us up so we realize our past mistakes and do things right from now on, and ultimately realize Buddhahood. The Buddha represents wisdom and enlightenment. The realization of Buddhahood involves turning away from delusion and returning to enlightenment; awakening to Bodhi and achieving a state of great wisdom. All living beings will sooner or later realize Buddhahood, regardless of whether they are human beings in this life and whether or not they believe in Buddhism.

严格说来,佛教其实不能算是一种宗教;宗教是有门户之分的,而佛教超越一切宗派,是一种智慧的教育。所以说佛教是佛陀的教育,亦即是众生对智慧的追求。而这种大智慧,众生本具种子,若要它开华结果,必须以慈悲水来灌溉。

 

Strictly speaking, Buddhism cannot be considered a religion. Whereas religions are usually partisan, Buddhism transcends all par- ties and factions. It is the teaching of wisdom. That's why we say that Buddhism is the teachings of the Buddha, and it is also the pursuit of wisdom by living beings. The seed of this great wisdom is inherent in all living beings. In order for it to bloom and bear fruit, it must be watered with the water of kindness and compassion.

什么叫做“慈悲”?简单地说,慈是爱护众生,给众生喜乐;悲是体恤众生,为众生去苦。《法华经.观世音菩萨普门品》中,赞诵观世音菩萨:

众生被困厄,无量苦逼身;
观音妙智力,能救世间苦。

所以观世音菩萨,又被尊称为“大悲菩萨”。而那大肚能容,笑口常开的弥勒菩萨,穿的是《法华经》所说的“柔和忍辱衣”,修的是令众生欢喜的法门,则是“大慈菩萨”。

 

What is meant by kindness and compassion? In simple terms, kindness means cherishing living beings and making them happy; compassion means sympathizing with living beings and eliminating their suffering. "Guanshiyin Bodhisattva's Universal Door Chapter" in the Lotus Sutra praises Guanshiyin Bodhisattva in this way:

Living beings are beset with hardships and 
oppressed by limitless sufferings.
The power of Guanyin 's wondrous wisdom can rescue the world from suffering.

Guanshiyin Bodhisattva is also known as the Bodhisattva of Great Compassion. And Maitreya Bodhisattva, with his big belly that holds everything and his ever-laughing mouth, wears what the Lotus Sutra calls "the clothing of gentleness and patience" and cultivates the Dharma door of making living beings happy; he is the Bodhisattva of Great Kindness.

 

《华严经.普贤行愿品》说:“一切众生而为树根,诸佛菩萨而为华果;以大悲水饶益众生,则能成就诸佛菩萨智慧华果。”众生好比树根,菩萨是花果;没有树根或有树根而缺乏灌溉,树如何茁壮?又如何开花结果?这就是为什么修学菩萨道者,不但能慈心爱护众生,更能牺牲自己,用悲心去摄受众生之故。
化老和尚发了十八大愿,其中第十三愿,愿代一切众生受苦,不也就是大悲菩萨的化身?

 

The "Chapter of Universal Worthy's Conduct and Vows" in the Avatamsaka Sutra says, "The Bodhisattva takes living beings as his roots. By benefiting all beings with the water of great compassion, the Bodhisattva can realize the flowers and fruit of wisdom." Living beings are like the roots of a tree; Buddhas and Bodhisattvas are its flowers and fruit. If there are no roots, or if the roots are there but they do not get watered, how can the tree grow tall and strong? How can it blossom and bear fruit? That is why those who study and practice the Bodhisattva Path are able not only to cherish living beings with a kind heart, but to sacrifice themselves and compassionately gather in living beings. The Venerable Master Hua made Eighteen Great Vows. Doesn't his third vow, "to undergo suffering on behalf of all living beings," make him a transformation of the Bodhisattva of Great Compassion?

根据《法句经》,佛说常行慈悲的人,生生世世可以获得十二种利益:一、褔常随身。二、卧安。三、觉安。四、不见恶梦。五、天护。六、人爱。七、不毒。八、不兵。九、水不丧。十、火不丧。十一、在所得利。十二、死升梵天。

 

According to the Dhammapada, the Buddha said that people who al- ways practice kindness and compassion will obtain twelve kinds of benefits in life after life: (1) They are always blessed. (2) They sleep peacefully. (3) They are peaceful when awake. (4) They have no nightmares. (5) They are protected by gods, (6) They are loved by people. (7) They will not be poisoned. (8) They will not be involved in the military .(9) They will not be killed by water. (10) They will not be killed by fire. (11) They will obtain benefit wherever they are. (12) They will ascend to the Brahma Heaven after death.

所以不管是不是佛教徒,常行慈悲,于人于己都好,何苦而不为呢?美国第十六任总统林肯先生,就是个很慈悲的人。当他还住在伊利诺州的春田小镇时,有一个女孩约了朋友去旅行,事先请好人来帮忙搬行李;谁知到时请的人没来,那女孩又连火车站在哪都搞不清,急得站在门口哭了起来。恰好林肯经过,问明情形,看看表还来得及,就扛起行李,教她在后头跟着。

 

Therefore, whether one is a Buddhist or not, to practice kindness and compassion is beneficial to others as well as oneself. Thus, is there any reason not to practice? The Sixteenth President of the United States, Abraham Lincoln, was a very kind and compassionate man. When he was still living in Springfield, Illinois, there was a girl who had planned a trip with her friend. However, the person she had asked to help her carry her luggage did not show up, and she herself did not even know where the train station was. She was so worried that she stood by the door and started crying. Lincoln happened to pass by and asked what the matter was. Seeing that there was still time to catch the train, he picked up her luggage and told her to follow him.

     

女孩连走带跑地跟这位长腿先生到了车站,火车还没开呢!林肯帮她把行李放下,一文钱也不拿就走了。又有一回,他还是律师时,和几个同事骑马到外地去办事,路经一座森林。当大家看见小河,要牵马去饮水时,才发现林肯不见了。跟林肯同行的就说:“林肯拾了一只被风刮下来的小鸟,他一定是找鸟窝去了!”不久,林肯赶上同伴,告诉他们:“总算找着鸟窝了!虽然很不容易找,但是我一定要找到。假如不能让这可怜的小鸟回到母亲身边,今晚我就要睡不着觉了!”。

 

The girl raced to keep up with the long-legged gentleman, following him to the station. The train had not left yet! Lincoln helped put her bags on the car and then left without taking a cent. Another time, when he was still a lawyer, he and several colleagues made a trip on horseback to take care of some business. On their way, they passed by a forest. The group spotted a stream and went to water their horses. At that time, they discovered that Lincoln was no longer with them. One of his companions said, "Lincoln found a baby bird that had been blown down by the wind. He must be looking for its nest!" Soon afterwards, Lincoln caught up with his companions and told them, "I found the nest! It was difficult, but I was determined to find it. If I didn't return that poor little bird to its mother, I wouldn't be able to sleep tonight."

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