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弟子规浅释
Standards for Students

孙果秀注释 Explained by Jennifer Lin

目录

第四章:谨

Chapter Four: LEARNING TO BE CAREFUL

朝起早,夜眠迟,老易至,惜此时。
晨必盥,兼漱口,便溺回,辄净手。
冠必正,纽必结,袜与履,俱紧切。
置冠服,有定位,勿乱顿,致污秽。
衣贵洁,不贵华,上循分,下称家。
对饮食,勿拣择,食适可,勿过则。
年方少,勿饮酒,饮酒醉,最为丑。
步从容,立端正,揖深圆,拜恭敬。
勿践阈,勿跛倚,勿箕踞,勿摇髀。
缓揭帘,勿有声,宽转弯,勿触棱。
执虚器,如执盈,入虚室,如有人。
事勿忙,忙多错,勿畏难,勿轻略。
斗闹场,绝毋近,邪僻事,绝勿问。
将入门,问谁存,将上堂,声必扬。
人问谁,对以名,吾与我,不分明。
用人物,须明求,倘不问,即为偷。
借人物,及时还,人借物,有勿悭。

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shi

wu

mang

 

mang

duo

cuo

做事

不要

匆忙地

 

匆忙地

大多

出差错

to do work

do not

hurriedly

hurriedly

usually

mistakes

做事不要匆忙,匆忙往往出差错。
There is no need to be in a hurry. If you rush you will make a mistake.

wu

wei

nan

 

wu

qing

lue

不要

害怕

困难的事

 

不要

轻忽

简易小事

do not

to fear

difficulty

do not

to look upon as unimportant

small or easy jobs

不要害怕困难,也不要轻忽小事。
Do not be afraid of what is hard, and not casually dismiss what's easy. 

dou

nao

chang

 

jue

wu

jin

打斗

喧哗的

场所

 

禁止

不要

接近

fighting

troublesome, disturbing

places

to stop, to cut off

do not

to go near

争斗喧哗的场所,要严格禁止,不可接近。
Never go near rowdy places or places where people are fighting.

xie

pi

shi

 

jue

wu

wen

邪恶不正的

标新立异的

事情

 

绝对

不要

过问

deviant, improper

depraved, lowly

things

to stop, to cut off

do not

to ask about

邪恶怪异的事情,要严格禁止,不可过问。
Never ask about deviant things. Stay away from all that’s improper.

圣人告诫我们,无论做任何事情,“毋欲速;欲速则不达。”我们做任何事,只要预先有个全盘计划,如何进行也有个架构,对于时间的掌控留有余裕;如此,谋定而后动,即使中间有什么变卦,也不致于慌了手脚。反之,若是冲动有余,谋略不足,则临变就慌,慌了便急,愈急则愈乱,愈乱又愈错,事情想成就都难。

 

The Sages have warned us that, no matter what we are doing, "Don't rush, because if you rush you won't reach your destination." For any endeavor, if we plan things well before we start, proceed in a systematic way, and give ourselves plenty of time to complete each step, then even if unforeseen circumstances arise, we will not be thrown into confusion. On the other hand, if we are overly impulsive and don't plan things out in advance, we will panic at any unexpected change and become anxious. The more anxious we get, the more confused we become, and the more confused we become, the more mistakes we make. As a result, it's difficult to accomplish anything.

所谓“忙中多错”,君不见经常闯红灯,出车祸的,都是那种做事没计划,又不给自己预留时间、空间的人?所以说性躁心粗的人,总是寡德多败,一事无成;心平气和的,自然得道多助,百褔云集。做人做事是这样,求学修道也是这样,总要以平常心对待,按部就班,才能真正有得于心,成就是急不来的。

 

It is said, "If you rush, you tend to make more mistakes." Have you noticed that the people who run red lights and get into car accidents are the kind who never think things out before they act or leave enough time and space for themselves? People who are rash and careless tend to lack virtue, and never succeed at anything. People who are calm and composed naturally obtain plenty of help and blessings. This applies to human conduct and work, as well as to studying and cultivation. We should always have an ordinary attitude and do things methodically. Then we will have some true attainment in our mind. Success cannot be rushed.

日本有个剑道名家,看看儿子不成材,就把他赶出门,断绝了父子关系。这年轻人深受刺激,发愤要学成一流的剑术,就不辞辛苦地爬上深山,想拜当时的名剑手武藏学艺;可是武藏也认为他不能有所成就。年轻人不死心,坚持地问:“假使我努力学习,需要多少年才能成为一名剑师?”武藏微微领首:“也许十年吧!”年轻人又问:“家父年岁已高,我一定得早点学成。假如我加倍努力学习,需要多少年才能学成?”武藏摇摇头:“那得要三十年啰!”年轻人着急地又问:“我不惜任何劳苦,一定要在最短的时间内学成。”武藏不禁大笑:“你有这种心态,那恐怕要花七十年才能学成了!”。

 

Once there was an expert swordsman in Japan who saw that his son was a failure and threw him out of the house, disinheriting him. As a result, the boy developed a burning aspiration to become a first-rate swordsman. He went to all kinds of trouble and climbed deep into the mountains to bow to Wuzang, a famous swordsman of the time, hoping to train under him. But Wuzang felt that he was a hopeless case. The boy didn't give up hope, but persisted in asking, "If I work hard, how many years would it take me to become a great swordsman?" Wuzang shook his head slightly. Maybe ten years." The boy said, "My father is already old. I must succeed sooner. If double my efforts, how long will it take me?" Wuzang shook his head and said, "Then it'll take thirty years. " The boy anxiously asked, "I'm willing to take any kind of hardship, but I must finish my training in the shortest time possible. " Wuzang couldn't help laughing and said, 'With your attitude, it might take you seventy years before you succeed."

这故事是要我们保持平常心,持续进行,功夫够了,自然水到渠成,急功近利是不能有所成就的;不在于教人不用努力,慢慢来就可以了。所谓平常心,也就是一个在日用间,不须特别造作的心;也就是一个不畏难也不轻易的心。这世间人对世间事,总是怯懦的人畏怕困难的事,而自负的人轻忽简略的事;要恒持平常心,确是大不易。

 

In doing work, we should maintain an ordinary state of mind and make constant progress. When we have put in enough effort, we will naturally succeed. If we rush in our work and try to make a quick profit, we won't have any success. This does not mean we should take it easy and not work hard. An ordinary state of mind means the state that our mind is in as we go. about our daily affairs. There is nothing contrived or artificial about it. It is a state of not fearing difficulty and not scorning easy things. For this world, timid people are afraid of hard things, and people with a sense of self- importance tend to overlook simple things. To constantly maintain an ordinary state of mind is not at all easy.

常看到很多年轻孩子,总是自以为什么都会,不论是教他做功课,或让他做工作,都表现得马虎不屑,认为那太没有挑战性了,因此不想学,不想做;到最后一事无成,就怨天尤人,一副怀才不遇的样子。殊不知“他山之石可攻错 ”,一洞若通,洞洞皆通。徒具聪明或学历,没有基层的实务经验,最后流于眼高手低,什么也没学到,什么也没做成。孔子自己就说过,他并非天生多才多智,只不过是从小家庭贫贱,他必须做很多琐事罢了!所以想启发孩子的智慧,要从小就锻炼孩子把日常小事都做好。

 

I often see young people who think they know everything. If asked to do their homework or to do some other task, they casually shrug it off as not challenging enough, so they don't want to study or do the work. fu the end they don't accomplish anything, and then they complain and blame others, acting as if no one recognized their talent. They don't understand that "Advice from others may help one overcome one's defects." If they master one field of knowledge, they will naturally understand all fields. If they possess talents or academic degrees but lack the foundation of hands-on experience, their situation is that of having great aims but poor abilities; they end up learning nothing and accomplishing nothing. Confucius said that he was not born with much talent and wisdom; it was just that he had to do lots of menial chores because his family was very poor. In order to develop children's wisdom, we should start by training children to do a good job in the trivial affairs of daily life.

 

俗云:“近朱者赤,近墨者黑。”环境和交往,对人一生的影响真是大!孟母三迁,就为着给小孩换个好的环境。年轻孩子不但好奇心强,模仿得也很快,若是涉足是非地,轻者遭池鱼之殃,重者恐怕就会同流合污,再也无法全身而退了。靠近染坊,掉进酱缸,难道还想保持清白?

 

An old saying goes, "He who draws near vermilion becomes red; he who draws near ink becomes black." A person's surroundings can make a great difference! Mencius' mother moved three times only because she wanted to provide a proper environment for her son to grow up in. Young children are curious about everything and quickly learn to imitate what they see. If they are in a bad environment, they might get into trouble or even follow the bad examples of others and never be able to get themselves out of there. When one gets near a dyer's shop or falls into a vat of dye, how can one expect to stay clean and white? 

孔子说:“非礼勿视,非礼勿听,非礼勿言,非礼勿动。”礼者理也,非礼就是指一切不合乎道理的事情;尤其对那些个残暴悖乱,或者稀奇古怪,惊世骇俗的事情,我们更须塞耳杜口。为什么呢?因为如今的时代魔强法弱,修罗道大盛,修行贪神通的人亦比比皆是;若是和这些人物太接近,或是知道人家秘密太多,迟早会着魔或惹祸上身,切记切记啊!

 

Confucius said, "Don't look at improper things; don't listen to improper things; don't say improper things; and don't do improper things." "Proper" means in accord with principle. "Improper things" refers to things that do not accord with principle. In particular, when we encounter cruel, violent, weird, or scary things, we should plug our ears and zip our lips. Why is that? Because in this age when demons are strong and the Dharma is weak, the ways of asuras are popular and cultivators who crave spiritual powers are everywhere. If you get too close to these people or learn too much about their secrets, you will become possessed or get into trouble sooner or later, Be careful!

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